×




Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach Net Present Value (NPV) / MBA Resources

Introduction to Net Present Value (NPV) - What is Net Present Value (NPV) ? How it impacts financial decisions regarding project management?

NPV solution for Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach case study


At Oak Spring University, we provide corporate level professional Net Present Value (NPV) case study solution. Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach case study is a Harvard Business School (HBR) case study written by Stephen E. Chick, Kyle J. Rose, Ridhima Aggarwal. The Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach (referred as “Health Trend” from here on) case study provides evaluation & decision scenario in field of Innovation & Entrepreneurship. It also touches upon business topics such as - Value proposition, Health, Innovation, Technology.

The net present value (NPV) of an investment proposal is the present value of the proposal’s net cash flows less the proposal’s initial cash outflow. If a project’s NPV is greater than or equal to zero, the project should be accepted.

NPV = Present Value of Future Cash Flows LESS Project’s Initial Investment






Case Description of Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach Case Study


mySugr is a mobile health startup which allows us to explore several interlinked trends. One trend is the proliferation of health related applications, and an understanding of factors which seem to be related to success in the digital health space. Another trend is the role of patients in managing their own health, an issue of increasing importance as chronic diseases touch the lives of a growing number of individuals and consume an increasing part of the health budget. A third related concept is that of asset based approaches for health, a concept which seems to be linked to the success of a number of health apps.


Case Authors : Stephen E. Chick, Kyle J. Rose, Ridhima Aggarwal

Topic : Innovation & Entrepreneurship

Related Areas : Health, Innovation, Technology




Calculating Net Present Value (NPV) at 6% for Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach Case Study


Years              Cash Flow     Net Cash Flow     Cumulative    
Cash Flow
Discount Rate
@ 6 %
Discounted
Cash Flows
Year 0 (10007678) -10007678 - -
Year 1 3472119 -6535559 3472119 0.9434 3275584
Year 2 3962031 -2573528 7434150 0.89 3526193
Year 3 3944350 1370822 11378500 0.8396 3311752
Year 4 3231986 4602808 14610486 0.7921 2560036
TOTAL 14610486 12673565




The Net Present Value at 6% discount rate is 2665887

In isolation the NPV number doesn't mean much but put in right context then it is one of the best method to evaluate project returns. In this article we will cover -

Different methods of capital budgeting


What is NPV & Formula of NPV,
How it is calculated,
How to use NPV number for project evaluation, and
Scenario Planning given risks and management priorities.




Capital Budgeting Approaches

Methods of Capital Budgeting


There are four types of capital budgeting techniques that are widely used in the corporate world –

1. Profitability Index
2. Internal Rate of Return
3. Net Present Value
4. Payback Period

Apart from the Payback period method which is an additive method, rest of the methods are based on Discounted Cash Flow technique. Even though cash flow can be calculated based on the nature of the project, for the simplicity of the article we are assuming that all the expected cash flows are realized at the end of the year.

Discounted Cash Flow approaches provide a more objective basis for evaluating and selecting investment projects. They take into consideration both –

1. Magnitude of both incoming and outgoing cash flows – Projects can be capital intensive, time intensive, or both. Health Trend shareholders have preference for diversified projects investment rather than prospective high income from a single capital intensive project.
2. Timing of the expected cash flows – stockholders of Health Trend have higher preference for cash returns over 4-5 years rather than 10-15 years given the nature of the volatility in the industry.






Formula and Steps to Calculate Net Present Value (NPV) of Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach

NPV = Net Cash In Flowt1 / (1+r)t1 + Net Cash In Flowt2 / (1+r)t2 + … Net Cash In Flowtn / (1+r)tn
Less Net Cash Out Flowt0 / (1+r)t0

Where t = time period, in this case year 1, year 2 and so on.
r = discount rate or return that could be earned using other safe proposition such as fixed deposit or treasury bond rate. Net Cash In Flow – What the firm will get each year.
Net Cash Out Flow – What the firm needs to invest initially in the project.

Step 1 – Understand the nature of the project and calculate cash flow for each year.
Step 2 – Discount those cash flow based on the discount rate.
Step 3 – Add all the discounted cash flow.
Step 4 – Selection of the project

Why Innovation & Entrepreneurship Managers need to know Financial Tools such as Net Present Value (NPV)?

In our daily workplace we often come across people and colleagues who are just focused on their core competency and targets they have to deliver. For example marketing managers at Health Trend often design programs whose objective is to drive brand awareness and customer reach. But how that 30 point increase in brand awareness or 10 point increase in customer touch points will result into shareholders’ value is not specified.

To overcome such scenarios managers at Health Trend needs to not only know the financial aspect of project management but also needs to have tools to integrate them into part of the project development and monitoring plan.

Calculating Net Present Value (NPV) at 15%

After working through various assumptions we reached a conclusion that risk is far higher than 6%. In a reasonably stable industry with weak competition - 15% discount rate can be a good benchmark.



Years              Cash Flow     Net Cash Flow     Cumulative    
Cash Flow
Discount Rate
@ 15 %
Discounted
Cash Flows
Year 0 (10007678) -10007678 - -
Year 1 3472119 -6535559 3472119 0.8696 3019234
Year 2 3962031 -2573528 7434150 0.7561 2995865
Year 3 3944350 1370822 11378500 0.6575 2593474
Year 4 3231986 4602808 14610486 0.5718 1847898
TOTAL 10456471


The Net NPV after 4 years is 448793

(10456471 - 10007678 )








Calculating Net Present Value (NPV) at 20%


If the risk component is high in the industry then we should go for a higher hurdle rate / discount rate of 20%.

Years              Cash Flow     Net Cash Flow     Cumulative    
Cash Flow
Discount Rate
@ 20 %
Discounted
Cash Flows
Year 0 (10007678) -10007678 - -
Year 1 3472119 -6535559 3472119 0.8333 2893433
Year 2 3962031 -2573528 7434150 0.6944 2751410
Year 3 3944350 1370822 11378500 0.5787 2282610
Year 4 3231986 4602808 14610486 0.4823 1558635
TOTAL 9486088


The Net NPV after 4 years is -521590

At 20% discount rate the NPV is negative (9486088 - 10007678 ) so ideally we can't select the project if macro and micro factors don't allow financial managers of Health Trend to discount cash flow at lower discount rates such as 15%.





Acceptance Criteria of a Project based on NPV

Simplest Approach – If the investment project of Health Trend has a NPV value higher than Zero then finance managers at Health Trend can ACCEPT the project, otherwise they can reject the project. This means that project will deliver higher returns over the period of time than any alternate investment strategy.

In theory if the required rate of return or discount rate is chosen correctly by finance managers at Health Trend, then the stock price of the Health Trend should change by same amount of the NPV. In real world we know that share price also reflects various other factors that can be related to both macro and micro environment.

In the same vein – accepting the project with zero NPV should result in stagnant share price. Finance managers use discount rates as a measure of risk components in the project execution process.

Sensitivity Analysis

Project selection is often a far more complex decision than just choosing it based on the NPV number. Finance managers at Health Trend should conduct a sensitivity analysis to better understand not only the inherent risk of the projects but also how those risks can be either factored in or mitigated during the project execution. Sensitivity analysis helps in –

What can impact the cash flow of the project.

Understanding of risks involved in the project.

What will be a multi year spillover effect of various taxation regulations.

What are the uncertainties surrounding the project Initial Cash Outlay (ICO’s). ICO’s often have several different components such as land, machinery, building, and other equipment.

What are the key aspects of the projects that need to be monitored, refined, and retuned for continuous delivery of projected cash flows.

Some of the assumptions while using the Discounted Cash Flow Methods –

Projects are assumed to be Mutually Exclusive – This is seldom the came in modern day giant organizations where projects are often inter-related and rejecting a project solely based on NPV can result in sunk cost from a related project.

Independent projects have independent cash flows – As explained in the marketing project – though the project may look independent but in reality it is not as the brand awareness project can be closely associated with the spending on sales promotions and product specific advertising.






Negotiation Strategy of Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach

References & Further Readings

Stephen E. Chick, Kyle J. Rose, Ridhima Aggarwal (2018), "Mobile Health in Diabetes: mySugr's Monster Approach Harvard Business Review Case Study. Published by HBR Publications.


Correvio Pharma SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Healthcare , Biotechnology & Drugs


Oxford Lane SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Financial , Misc. Financial Services


CAPE ES Special SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Financial , Misc. Financial Services


Anheuser Busch Inbev SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Consumer/Non-Cyclical , Beverages (Alcoholic)


Tyan Home SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Capital Goods , Construction Services


Yantai Zhenghai Magnetic Mat SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Technology , Electronic Instr. & Controls


Guangdong PAK SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Technology , Electronic Instr. & Controls


Sprott Inc. SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix

Financial , Investment Services