Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis
Organizational Development
Strategy / MBA Resources
Case Study SWOT Analysis Solution
Case Study Description of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video
This video complements the case (410003). Ingrid Johnson describes what and how she led the change at Nedbank. This case discusses the issue of leading change at the business banking division of Nedbank, a prominent South African bank, between 2005 and 2009. (This timeframe, beginning just 11 years after Apartheid's end, covers Ingrid Johnson's leadership of this division during a period of significant change within Nedbank and South Africa). One of the oldest banks in South Africa, Nedbank merged with another South African bank in 2002. Troubles financing the acquisition and several ill-advised bets in the market caused Nedbank's market value to plummet and led to the ouster of the bank's senior leadership. The business banking division was one of Nedbank's largest business units with 2000+ staff. For many years, it had been a consistently profitable but underperforming division, and had yet to fully implement a strategic restructuring when Johnson takes over in 2005. Johnson's mandate is to instill a high performance culture, which she determines requires overhauling the division's culture, formal organization, critical tasks, and people. The class discussion focuses on what Johnson did to lead the change effort, what worked, what did not, and what more she needs to do. The case and associated video nicely describe Ingrid's leadership style shifting from a chartered accountant to a more seasoned leader. The video shows Ingrid interacting with AMP participants. Ingrid describes what she did in Business Banking, how she executed those changes, what she learned about leading large system change, and what she learned about herself as a leader.
Swot Analysis of "Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video" written by Michael L. Tushman includes – strengths weakness that are internal strategic factors of the organization, and opportunities and threats that Ingrid Nedbank facing as an external strategic factors. Some of the topics covered in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video case study are - Strategic Management Strategies, Leading teams, Organizational structure, Reorganization, Strategy execution and Organizational Development.
Some of the macro environment factors that can be used to understand the Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video casestudy better are - – banking and financial system is disrupted by Bitcoin and other crypto currencies, digital marketing is dominated by two big players Facebook and Google, competitive advantages are harder to sustain because of technology dispersion, challanges to central banks by blockchain based private currencies, increasing government debt because of Covid-19 spendings, geopolitical disruptions, increasing household debt because of falling income levels,
supply chains are disrupted by pandemic , talent flight as more people leaving formal jobs, etc
Introduction to SWOT Analysis of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video
SWOT stands for an organization’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats . At Oak Spring University , we believe that protagonist in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video case study can use SWOT analysis as a strategic management tool to assess the current internal strengths and weaknesses of the Ingrid Nedbank, and to figure out the opportunities and threats in the macro environment – technological, environmental, political, economic, social, demographic, etc in which Ingrid Nedbank operates in.
According to Harvard Business Review, 75% of the managers use SWOT analysis for various purposes such as – evaluating current scenario, strategic planning, new venture feasibility, personal growth goals, new market entry, Go To market strategies, portfolio management and strategic trade-off assessment, organizational restructuring, etc.
SWOT Objectives / Importance of SWOT Analysis and SWOT Matrix
SWOT analysis of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video can be done for the following purposes –
1. Strategic planning using facts provided in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video case study
2. Improving business portfolio management of Ingrid Nedbank
3. Assessing feasibility of the new initiative in Organizational Development field.
4. Making a Organizational Development topic specific business decision
5. Set goals for the organization
6. Organizational restructuring of Ingrid Nedbank
Strengths Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Strengths in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis
The strengths of Ingrid Nedbank in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video Harvard Business Review case study are -
Successful track record of launching new products
– Ingrid Nedbank has launched numerous new products in last few years, keeping in mind evolving customer preferences and competitive pressures. Ingrid Nedbank has effective processes in place that helps in exploring new product needs, doing quick pilot testing, and then launching the products quickly using its extensive distribution network.
Ability to lead change in Organizational Development field
– Ingrid Nedbank is one of the leading players in its industry. Over the years it has not only transformed the business landscape in its segment but also across the whole industry. The ability to lead change has enabled Ingrid Nedbank in – penetrating new markets, reaching out to new customers, and providing different value propositions to different customers in the international markets.
Digital Transformation in Organizational Development segment
- digital transformation varies from industry to industry. For Ingrid Nedbank digital transformation journey comprises differing goals based on market maturity, customer technology acceptance, and organizational culture. Ingrid Nedbank has successfully integrated the four key components of digital transformation – digital integration in processes, digital integration in marketing and customer relationship management, digital integration into the value chain, and using technology to explore new products and market opportunities.
Training and development
– Ingrid Nedbank has one of the best training and development program in the industry. The effectiveness of the training programs can be measured in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video Harvard Business Review case study by analyzing – employees retention, in-house promotion, loyalty, new venture initiation, lack of conflict, and high level of both employees and customer engagement.
Innovation driven organization
– Ingrid Nedbank is one of the most innovative firm in sector. Manager in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video Harvard Business Review case study can use Clayton Christensen Disruptive Innovation strategies to further increase the scale of innovtions in the organization.
Organizational Resilience of Ingrid Nedbank
– The covid-19 pandemic has put organizational resilience at the centre of everthing that Ingrid Nedbank does. Organizational resilience comprises - Financial Resilience, Operational Resilience, Technological Resilience, Organizational Resilience, Business Model Resilience, and Reputation Resilience.
High brand equity
– Ingrid Nedbank has strong brand awareness and brand recognition among both - the exiting customers and potential new customers. Strong brand equity has enabled Ingrid Nedbank to keep acquiring new customers and building profitable relationship with both the new and loyal customers.
Highly skilled collaborators
– Ingrid Nedbank has highly efficient outsourcing and offshoring strategy. It has resulted in greater operational flexibility and bringing down the costs in highly price sensitive segment. Secondly the value chain collaborators of the firm in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video HBR case study have helped the firm to develop new products and bring them quickly to the marketplace.
Sustainable margins compare to other players in Organizational Development industry
– Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video firm has clearly differentiated products in the market place. This has enabled Ingrid Nedbank to fetch slight price premium compare to the competitors in the Organizational Development industry. The sustainable margins have also helped Ingrid Nedbank to invest into research and development (R&D) and innovation.
Superior customer experience
– The customer experience strategy of Ingrid Nedbank in the segment is based on four key concepts – personalization, simplification of complex needs, prompt response, and continuous engagement.
Ability to recruit top talent
– Ingrid Nedbank is one of the leading recruiters in the industry. Managers in the Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video are in a position to attract the best talent available. The firm has a robust talent identification program that helps in identifying the brightest.
Learning organization
- Ingrid Nedbank is a learning organization. It has inculcated three key characters of learning organization in its processes and operations – exploration, creativity, and expansiveness. The work place at Ingrid Nedbank is open place that encourages instructiveness, ideation, open minded discussions, and creativity. Employees and leaders in Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video Harvard Business Review case study emphasize – knowledge, initiative, and innovation.
Weaknesses Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Weaknesses in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis
The weaknesses of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video are -
Compensation and incentives
– The revenue per employee as mentioned in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video, is just above the industry average. Ingrid Nedbank needs to redesign the compensation structure and incentives to increase the revenue per employees. Some of the steps that it can take are – hiring more specialists on project basis, etc.
High dependence on star products
– The top 2 products and services of the firm as mentioned in the Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video HBR case study still accounts for major business revenue. This dependence on star products in has resulted into insufficient focus on developing new products, even though Ingrid Nedbank has relatively successful track record of launching new products.
Low market penetration in new markets
– Outside its home market of Ingrid Nedbank, firm in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video needs to spend more promotional, marketing, and advertising efforts to penetrate international markets.
Need for greater diversity
– Ingrid Nedbank has taken concrete steps on diversity, equity, and inclusion. But the efforts so far has resulted in limited success. It needs to expand the recruitment and selection process to hire more people from the minorities and underprivileged background.
Slow decision making process
– As mentioned earlier in the report, Ingrid Nedbank has a very deliberative decision making approach. This approach has resulted in prudent decisions, but it has also resulted in missing opportunities in the industry over the last five years. Ingrid Nedbank even though has strong showing on digital transformation primary two stages, it has struggled to capitalize the power of digital transformation in marketing efforts and new venture efforts.
Slow to strategic competitive environment developments
– As Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video HBR case study mentions - Ingrid Nedbank takes time to assess the upcoming competitions. This has led to missing out on atleast 2-3 big opportunities in the industry in last five years.
High bargaining power of channel partners
– Because of the regulatory requirements, Michael L. Tushman suggests that, Ingrid Nedbank is facing high bargaining power of the channel partners. So far it has not able to streamline the operations to reduce the bargaining power of the value chain partners in the industry.
High operating costs
– Compare to the competitors, firm in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video has high operating costs in the. This can be harder to sustain given the new emerging competition from nimble players who are using technology to attract Ingrid Nedbank 's lucrative customers.
Increasing silos among functional specialists
– The organizational structure of Ingrid Nedbank is dominated by functional specialists. It is not different from other players in the Organizational Development segment. Ingrid Nedbank needs to de-silo the office environment to harness the true potential of its workforce. Secondly the de-silo will also help Ingrid Nedbank to focus more on services rather than just following the product oriented approach.
Employees’ incomplete understanding of strategy
– From the instances in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video, it seems that the employees of Ingrid Nedbank don’t have comprehensive understanding of the firm’s strategy. This is reflected in number of promotional campaigns over the last few years that had mixed messaging and competing priorities. Some of the strategic activities and services promoted in the promotional campaigns were not consistent with the organization’s strategy.
High cash cycle compare to competitors
Ingrid Nedbank has a high cash cycle compare to other players in the industry. It needs to shorten the cash cycle by 12% to be more competitive in the marketplace, reduce inventory costs, and be more profitable.
Opportunities Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video | External Strategic Factors
What are Opportunities in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis
The opportunities highlighted in the Harvard Business Review case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video are -
Increase in government spending
– As the United States and other governments are increasing social spending and infrastructure spending to build economies post Covid-19, Ingrid Nedbank can use these opportunities to build new business models that can help the communities that Ingrid Nedbank operates in. Secondly it can use opportunities from government spending in Organizational Development sector.
Creating value in data economy
– The success of analytics program of Ingrid Nedbank has opened avenues for new revenue streams for the organization in the industry. This can help Ingrid Nedbank to build a more holistic ecosystem as suggested in the Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video case study. Ingrid Nedbank can build new products and services such as - data insight services, data privacy related products, data based consulting services, etc.
Redefining models of collaboration and team work
– As explained in the weaknesses section, Ingrid Nedbank is facing challenges because of the dominance of functional experts in the organization. Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video case study suggests that firm can utilize new technology to build more coordinated teams and streamline operations and communications using tools such as CAD, Zoom, etc.
Using analytics as competitive advantage
– Ingrid Nedbank has spent a significant amount of money and effort to integrate analytics and machine learning into its operations in the sector. This continuous investment in analytics has enabled, as illustrated in the Harvard case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video - to build a competitive advantage using analytics. The analytics driven competitive advantage can help Ingrid Nedbank to build faster Go To Market strategies, better consumer insights, developing relevant product features, and building a highly efficient supply chain.
Manufacturing automation
– Ingrid Nedbank can use the latest technology developments to improve its manufacturing and designing process in Organizational Development segment. It can use CAD and 3D printing to build a quick prototype and pilot testing products. It can leverage automation using machine learning and artificial intelligence to do faster production at lowers costs, and it can leverage the growth in satellite and tracking technologies to improve inventory management, transportation, and shipping.
Remote work and new talent hiring opportunities
– The widespread usage of remote working technologies during Covid-19 has opened opportunities for Ingrid Nedbank to expand its talent hiring zone. According to McKinsey Global Institute, 20% of the high end workforce in fields such as finance, information technology, can continously work from remote local post Covid-19. This presents a really great opportunity for Ingrid Nedbank to hire the very best people irrespective of their geographical location.
Loyalty marketing
– Ingrid Nedbank has focused on building a highly responsive customer relationship management platform. This platform is built on in-house data and driven by analytics and artificial intelligence. The customer analytics can help the organization to fine tune its loyalty marketing efforts, increase the wallet share of the organization, reduce wastage on mainstream advertising spending, build better pricing strategies using personalization, etc.
Reforming the budgeting process
- By establishing new metrics that will be used to evaluate both existing and potential projects Ingrid Nedbank can not only reduce the costs of the project but also help it in integrating the projects with other processes within the organization.
Changes in consumer behavior post Covid-19
– Consumer behavior has changed in the Organizational Development industry because of Covid-19 restrictions. Some of this behavior will stay once things get back to normal. Ingrid Nedbank can take advantage of these changes in consumer behavior to build a far more efficient business model. For example consumer regular ordering of products can reduce both last mile delivery costs and market penetration costs. Ingrid Nedbank can further use this consumer data to build better customer loyalty, provide better products and service collection, and improve the value proposition in inflationary times.
Identify volunteer opportunities
– Covid-19 has impacted working population in two ways – it has led to people soul searching about their professional choices, resulting in mass resignation. Secondly it has encouraged people to do things that they are passionate about. This has opened opportunities for businesses to build volunteer oriented socially driven projects. Ingrid Nedbank can explore opportunities that can attract volunteers and are consistent with its mission and vision.
Building a culture of innovation
– managers at Ingrid Nedbank can make experimentation a productive activity and build a culture of innovation using approaches such as – mining transaction data, A/B testing of websites and selling platforms, engaging potential customers over various needs, and building on small ideas in the Organizational Development segment.
Developing new processes and practices
– Ingrid Nedbank can develop new processes and procedures in Organizational Development industry using technology such as automation using artificial intelligence, real time transportation and products tracking, 3D modeling for concept development and new products pilot testing etc.
Finding new ways to collaborate
– Covid-19 has not only transformed business models of companies in Organizational Development industry, but it has also influenced the consumer preferences. Ingrid Nedbank can tie-up with other value chain partners to explore new opportunities regarding meeting customer demands and building a rewarding and engaging relationship.
Threats Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video External Strategic Factors
What are Threats in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis
The threats mentioned in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video are -
Shortening product life cycle
– it is one of the major threat that Ingrid Nedbank is facing in Organizational Development sector. It can lead to higher research and development costs, higher marketing expenses, lower customer loyalty, etc.
Capital market disruption
– During the Covid-19, Dow Jones has touched record high. The valuations of a number of companies are way beyond their existing business model potential. This can lead to capital market correction which can put a number of suppliers, collaborators, value chain partners in great financial difficulty. It will directly impact the business of Ingrid Nedbank.
Increasing international competition and downward pressure on margins
– Apart from technology driven competitive advantage dilution, Ingrid Nedbank can face downward pressure on margins from increasing competition from international players. The international players have stable revenue in their home market and can use those resources to penetrate prominent markets illustrated in HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video .
Instability in the European markets
– European Union markets are facing three big challenges post Covid – expanded balance sheets, Brexit related business disruption, and aggressive Russia looking to distract the existing security mechanism. Ingrid Nedbank will face different problems in different parts of Europe. For example it will face inflationary pressures in UK, France, and Germany, balance sheet expansion and demand challenges in Southern European countries, and geopolitical instability in the Eastern Europe.
Technology disruption because of hacks, piracy etc
– The colonial pipeline illustrated, how vulnerable modern organization are to international hackers, miscreants, and disruptors. The cyber security interruption, data leaks, etc can seriously jeopardize the future growth of the organization.
High dependence on third party suppliers
– Ingrid Nedbank high dependence on third party suppliers can disrupt its processes and delivery mechanism. For example -the current troubles of car makers because of chip shortage is because the chip companies started producing chips for electronic companies rather than car manufacturers.
Barriers of entry lowering
– As technology is more democratized, the barriers to entry in the industry are lowering. It can presents Ingrid Nedbank with greater competitive threats in the near to medium future. Secondly it will also put downward pressure on pricing throughout the sector.
High level of anxiety and lack of motivation
– the Great Resignation in United States is the sign of broader dissatisfaction among the workforce in United States. Ingrid Nedbank needs to understand the core reasons impacting the Organizational Development industry. This will help it in building a better workplace.
Technology acceleration in Forth Industrial Revolution
– Ingrid Nedbank has witnessed rapid integration of technology during Covid-19 in the Organizational Development industry. As one of the leading players in the industry, Ingrid Nedbank needs to keep up with the evolution of technology in the Organizational Development sector. According to Mckinsey study top managers believe that the adoption of technology in operations, communications is 20-25 times faster than what they planned in the beginning of 2019.
Learning curve for new practices
– As the technology based on artificial intelligence and machine learning platform is getting complex, as highlighted in case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video, Ingrid Nedbank may face longer learning curve for training and development of existing employees. This can open space for more nimble competitors in the field of Organizational Development .
Aging population
– As the populations of most advanced economies are aging, it will lead to high social security costs, higher savings among population, and lower demand for goods and services in the economy. The household savings in US, France, UK, Germany, and Japan are growing faster than predicted because of uncertainty caused by pandemic.
Regulatory challenges
– Ingrid Nedbank needs to prepare for regulatory challenges as consumer protection groups and other pressure groups are vigorously advocating for more regulations on big business - to reduce inequality, to create a level playing field, to product data privacy and consumer privacy, to reduce the influence of big money on democratic institutions, etc. This can lead to significant changes in the Organizational Development industry regulations.
New competition
– After the dotcom bust of 2001, financial crisis of 2008-09, the business formation in US economy had declined. But in 2020 alone, there are more than 1.5 million new business applications in United States. This can lead to greater competition for Ingrid Nedbank in the Organizational Development sector and impact the bottomline of the organization.
Weighted SWOT Analysis of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video Template, Example
Not all factors mentioned under the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants in the SWOT Analysis are equal. Managers in the HBR case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video needs to zero down on the relative importance of each factor mentioned in the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants.
We can provide the relative importance to each factor by assigning relative weights. Weighted SWOT analysis process is a three stage process –
First stage for doing weighted SWOT analysis of the case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video is to rank the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. This will help you to assess the most important strengths and weaknesses of the firm and which one of the strengths and weaknesses mentioned in the initial lists are marginal and can be left out.
Second stage for conducting weighted SWOT analysis of the Harvard case study Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video is to give probabilities to the external strategic factors thus better understanding the opportunities and threats arising out of macro environment changes and developments.
Third stage of constructing weighted SWOT analysis of Ingrid Johnson: Reflections on Leading Change, Video is to provide strategic recommendations includes – joining likelihood of external strategic factors such as opportunities and threats to the internal strategic factors – strengths and weaknesses. You should start with external factors as they will provide the direction of the overall industry. Secondly by joining probabilities with internal strategic factors can help the company not only strategic fit but also the most probably strategic trade-off that Ingrid Nedbank needs to make to build a sustainable competitive advantage.
