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Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

Case Study SWOT Analysis Solution

Case Study Description of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors


Tata Motors, a leading automobile manufacturer in India, pro-actively responded to the changing competitive environment and redesigned its human capital strategy. As part of the new strategy, huge investments were made in revamping the learning and development function for Tata Motors employees. Multiple initiatives were launched to promote a learning culture, which also earned the company international recognition in the learning and development community. The challenge for Tata Motors is to evaluate the effectiveness of these initiatives in terms of their relative advantages and their ability to develop a learning culture in the organization. Effectively capturing and measuring these parameters is crucial for justifying future investments in learning and development.

Authors :: Debolina Dutta, Matthew J. Manimala

Topics :: Leadership & Managing People

Tags :: Strategy, SWOT Analysis, SWOT Matrix, TOWS, Weighted SWOT Analysis

Swot Analysis of "Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors" written by Debolina Dutta, Matthew J. Manimala includes – strengths weakness that are internal strategic factors of the organization, and opportunities and threats that Tata Learning facing as an external strategic factors. Some of the topics covered in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors case study are - Strategic Management Strategies, Strategy and Leadership & Managing People.


Some of the macro environment factors that can be used to understand the Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors casestudy better are - – supply chains are disrupted by pandemic , geopolitical disruptions, wage bills are increasing, customer relationship management is fast transforming because of increasing concerns over data privacy, talent flight as more people leaving formal jobs, increasing energy prices, there is increasing trade war between United States & China, competitive advantages are harder to sustain because of technology dispersion, banking and financial system is disrupted by Bitcoin and other crypto currencies, etc



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Introduction to SWOT Analysis of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors


SWOT stands for an organization’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats . At Oak Spring University , we believe that protagonist in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors case study can use SWOT analysis as a strategic management tool to assess the current internal strengths and weaknesses of the Tata Learning, and to figure out the opportunities and threats in the macro environment – technological, environmental, political, economic, social, demographic, etc in which Tata Learning operates in.

According to Harvard Business Review, 75% of the managers use SWOT analysis for various purposes such as – evaluating current scenario, strategic planning, new venture feasibility, personal growth goals, new market entry, Go To market strategies, portfolio management and strategic trade-off assessment, organizational restructuring, etc.




SWOT Objectives / Importance of SWOT Analysis and SWOT Matrix


SWOT analysis of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors can be done for the following purposes –
1. Strategic planning using facts provided in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors case study
2. Improving business portfolio management of Tata Learning
3. Assessing feasibility of the new initiative in Leadership & Managing People field.
4. Making a Leadership & Managing People topic specific business decision
5. Set goals for the organization
6. Organizational restructuring of Tata Learning




Strengths Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Strengths in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

The strengths of Tata Learning in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Harvard Business Review case study are -

Ability to lead change in Leadership & Managing People field

– Tata Learning is one of the leading players in its industry. Over the years it has not only transformed the business landscape in its segment but also across the whole industry. The ability to lead change has enabled Tata Learning in – penetrating new markets, reaching out to new customers, and providing different value propositions to different customers in the international markets.

Innovation driven organization

– Tata Learning is one of the most innovative firm in sector. Manager in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Harvard Business Review case study can use Clayton Christensen Disruptive Innovation strategies to further increase the scale of innovtions in the organization.

Training and development

– Tata Learning has one of the best training and development program in the industry. The effectiveness of the training programs can be measured in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Harvard Business Review case study by analyzing – employees retention, in-house promotion, loyalty, new venture initiation, lack of conflict, and high level of both employees and customer engagement.

High switching costs

– The high switching costs that Tata Learning has built up over years in its products and services combo offer has resulted in high retention of customers, lower marketing costs, and greater ability of the firm to focus on its customers.

Highly skilled collaborators

– Tata Learning has highly efficient outsourcing and offshoring strategy. It has resulted in greater operational flexibility and bringing down the costs in highly price sensitive segment. Secondly the value chain collaborators of the firm in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors HBR case study have helped the firm to develop new products and bring them quickly to the marketplace.

Low bargaining power of suppliers

– Suppliers of Tata Learning in the sector have low bargaining power. Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors has further diversified its suppliers portfolio by building a robust supply chain across various countries. This helps Tata Learning to manage not only supply disruptions but also source products at highly competitive prices.

Superior customer experience

– The customer experience strategy of Tata Learning in the segment is based on four key concepts – personalization, simplification of complex needs, prompt response, and continuous engagement.

Strong track record of project management

– Tata Learning is known for sticking to its project targets. This enables the firm to manage – time, project costs, and have sustainable margins on the projects.

Operational resilience

– The operational resilience strategy in the Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Harvard Business Review case study comprises – understanding the underlying the factors in the industry, building diversified operations across different geographies so that disruption in one part of the world doesn’t impact the overall performance of the firm, and integrating the various business operations and processes through its digital transformation drive.

Digital Transformation in Leadership & Managing People segment

- digital transformation varies from industry to industry. For Tata Learning digital transformation journey comprises differing goals based on market maturity, customer technology acceptance, and organizational culture. Tata Learning has successfully integrated the four key components of digital transformation – digital integration in processes, digital integration in marketing and customer relationship management, digital integration into the value chain, and using technology to explore new products and market opportunities.

Analytics focus

– Tata Learning is putting a lot of focus on utilizing the power of analytics in business decision making. This has put it among the leading players in the industry. The technology infrastructure suggested by Debolina Dutta, Matthew J. Manimala can also help it to harness the power of analytics for – marketing optimization, demand forecasting, customer relationship management, inventory management, information sharing across the value chain etc.

Learning organization

- Tata Learning is a learning organization. It has inculcated three key characters of learning organization in its processes and operations – exploration, creativity, and expansiveness. The work place at Tata Learning is open place that encourages instructiveness, ideation, open minded discussions, and creativity. Employees and leaders in Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Harvard Business Review case study emphasize – knowledge, initiative, and innovation.






Weaknesses Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Weaknesses in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

The weaknesses of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors are -

Low market penetration in new markets

– Outside its home market of Tata Learning, firm in the HBR case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors needs to spend more promotional, marketing, and advertising efforts to penetrate international markets.

Capital Spending Reduction

– Even during the low interest decade, Tata Learning has not been able to do capital spending to the tune of the competition. This has resulted into fewer innovations and company facing stiff competition from both existing competitors and new entrants who are disrupting the industry using digital technology.

Aligning sales with marketing

– It come across in the case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors that the firm needs to have more collaboration between its sales team and marketing team. Sales professionals in the industry have deep experience in developing customer relationships. Marketing department in the case Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors can leverage the sales team experience to cultivate customer relationships as Tata Learning is planning to shift buying processes online.

High dependence on star products

– The top 2 products and services of the firm as mentioned in the Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors HBR case study still accounts for major business revenue. This dependence on star products in has resulted into insufficient focus on developing new products, even though Tata Learning has relatively successful track record of launching new products.

Slow to harness new channels of communication

– Even though competitors are using new communication channels such as Instagram, Tiktok, and Snap, Tata Learning is slow explore the new channels of communication. These new channels of communication mentioned in marketing section of case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors can help to provide better information regarding products and services. It can also build an online community to further reach out to potential customers.

Products dominated business model

– Even though Tata Learning has some of the most successful products in the industry, this business model has made each new product launch extremely critical for continuous financial growth of the organization. firm in the HBR case study - Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors should strive to include more intangible value offerings along with its core products and services.

High dependence on existing supply chain

– The disruption in the global supply chains because of the Covid-19 pandemic and blockage of the Suez Canal illustrated the fragile nature of Tata Learning supply chain. Even after few cautionary changes mentioned in the HBR case study - Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors, it is still heavily dependent upon the existing supply chain. The existing supply chain though brings in cost efficiencies but it has left Tata Learning vulnerable to further global disruptions in South East Asia.

Employees’ incomplete understanding of strategy

– From the instances in the HBR case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors, it seems that the employees of Tata Learning don’t have comprehensive understanding of the firm’s strategy. This is reflected in number of promotional campaigns over the last few years that had mixed messaging and competing priorities. Some of the strategic activities and services promoted in the promotional campaigns were not consistent with the organization’s strategy.

Ability to respond to the competition

– As the decision making is very deliberative, highlighted in the case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors, in the dynamic environment Tata Learning has struggled to respond to the nimble upstart competition. Tata Learning has reasonably good record with similar level competitors but it has struggled with new entrants taking away niches of its business.

Slow decision making process

– As mentioned earlier in the report, Tata Learning has a very deliberative decision making approach. This approach has resulted in prudent decisions, but it has also resulted in missing opportunities in the industry over the last five years. Tata Learning even though has strong showing on digital transformation primary two stages, it has struggled to capitalize the power of digital transformation in marketing efforts and new venture efforts.

Need for greater diversity

– Tata Learning has taken concrete steps on diversity, equity, and inclusion. But the efforts so far has resulted in limited success. It needs to expand the recruitment and selection process to hire more people from the minorities and underprivileged background.




Opportunities Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors | External Strategic Factors
What are Opportunities in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis


The opportunities highlighted in the Harvard Business Review case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors are -

Harnessing reconfiguration of the global supply chains

– As the trade war between US and China heats up in the coming years, Tata Learning can build a diversified supply chain model across various countries in - South East Asia, India, and other parts of the world. This reconfiguration of global supply chain can help, as suggested in case study, Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors, to buy more products closer to the markets, and it can leverage its size and influence to get better deal from the local markets.

Redefining models of collaboration and team work

– As explained in the weaknesses section, Tata Learning is facing challenges because of the dominance of functional experts in the organization. Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors case study suggests that firm can utilize new technology to build more coordinated teams and streamline operations and communications using tools such as CAD, Zoom, etc.

Better consumer reach

– The expansion of the 5G network will help Tata Learning to increase its market reach. Tata Learning will be able to reach out to new customers. Secondly 5G will also provide technology framework to build new tools and products that can help more immersive consumer experience and faster consumer journey.

Using analytics as competitive advantage

– Tata Learning has spent a significant amount of money and effort to integrate analytics and machine learning into its operations in the sector. This continuous investment in analytics has enabled, as illustrated in the Harvard case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors - to build a competitive advantage using analytics. The analytics driven competitive advantage can help Tata Learning to build faster Go To Market strategies, better consumer insights, developing relevant product features, and building a highly efficient supply chain.

Reforming the budgeting process

- By establishing new metrics that will be used to evaluate both existing and potential projects Tata Learning can not only reduce the costs of the project but also help it in integrating the projects with other processes within the organization.

Finding new ways to collaborate

– Covid-19 has not only transformed business models of companies in Leadership & Managing People industry, but it has also influenced the consumer preferences. Tata Learning can tie-up with other value chain partners to explore new opportunities regarding meeting customer demands and building a rewarding and engaging relationship.

Buying journey improvements

– Tata Learning can improve the customer journey of consumers in the industry by using analytics and artificial intelligence. Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors suggest that firm can provide automated chats to help consumers solve their own problems, provide online suggestions to get maximum out of the products and services, and help consumers to build a community where they can interact with each other to develop new features and uses.

Identify volunteer opportunities

– Covid-19 has impacted working population in two ways – it has led to people soul searching about their professional choices, resulting in mass resignation. Secondly it has encouraged people to do things that they are passionate about. This has opened opportunities for businesses to build volunteer oriented socially driven projects. Tata Learning can explore opportunities that can attract volunteers and are consistent with its mission and vision.

Developing new processes and practices

– Tata Learning can develop new processes and procedures in Leadership & Managing People industry using technology such as automation using artificial intelligence, real time transportation and products tracking, 3D modeling for concept development and new products pilot testing etc.

Creating value in data economy

– The success of analytics program of Tata Learning has opened avenues for new revenue streams for the organization in the industry. This can help Tata Learning to build a more holistic ecosystem as suggested in the Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors case study. Tata Learning can build new products and services such as - data insight services, data privacy related products, data based consulting services, etc.

Reconfiguring business model

– The expansion of digital payment system, the bringing down of international transactions costs using Bitcoin and other blockchain based currencies, etc can help Tata Learning to reconfigure its entire business model. For example it can used blockchain based technologies to reduce piracy of its products in the big markets such as China. Secondly it can use the popularity of e-commerce in various developing markets to build a Direct to Customer business model rather than the current Channel Heavy distribution network.

Learning at scale

– Online learning technologies has now opened space for Tata Learning to conduct training and development for its employees across the world. This will result in not only reducing the cost of training but also help employees in different part of the world to integrate with the headquarter work culture, ethos, and standards.

Increase in government spending

– As the United States and other governments are increasing social spending and infrastructure spending to build economies post Covid-19, Tata Learning can use these opportunities to build new business models that can help the communities that Tata Learning operates in. Secondly it can use opportunities from government spending in Leadership & Managing People sector.




Threats Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors External Strategic Factors
What are Threats in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis


The threats mentioned in the HBR case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors are -

Technology acceleration in Forth Industrial Revolution

– Tata Learning has witnessed rapid integration of technology during Covid-19 in the Leadership & Managing People industry. As one of the leading players in the industry, Tata Learning needs to keep up with the evolution of technology in the Leadership & Managing People sector. According to Mckinsey study top managers believe that the adoption of technology in operations, communications is 20-25 times faster than what they planned in the beginning of 2019.

Technology disruption because of hacks, piracy etc

– The colonial pipeline illustrated, how vulnerable modern organization are to international hackers, miscreants, and disruptors. The cyber security interruption, data leaks, etc can seriously jeopardize the future growth of the organization.

Learning curve for new practices

– As the technology based on artificial intelligence and machine learning platform is getting complex, as highlighted in case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors, Tata Learning may face longer learning curve for training and development of existing employees. This can open space for more nimble competitors in the field of Leadership & Managing People .

Consumer confidence and its impact on Tata Learning demand

– There is a high probability of declining consumer confidence, given – high inflammation rate, rise of gig economy, lower job stability, increasing cost of living, higher interest rates, and aging demography. All the factors contribute to people saving higher rate of their income, resulting in lower consumer demand in the industry and other sectors.

Barriers of entry lowering

– As technology is more democratized, the barriers to entry in the industry are lowering. It can presents Tata Learning with greater competitive threats in the near to medium future. Secondly it will also put downward pressure on pricing throughout the sector.

Trade war between China and United States

– The trade war between two of the biggest economies can hugely impact the opportunities for Tata Learning in the Leadership & Managing People industry. The Leadership & Managing People industry is already at various protected from local competition in China, with the rise of trade war the protection levels may go up. This presents a clear threat of current business model in Chinese market.

Backlash against dominant players

– US Congress and other legislative arms of the government are getting tough on big business especially technology companies. The digital arm of Tata Learning business can come under increasing regulations regarding data privacy, data security, etc.

Environmental challenges

– Tata Learning needs to have a robust strategy against the disruptions arising from climate change and energy requirements. EU has identified it as key priority area and spending 30% of its 880 billion Euros European post Covid-19 recovery funds on green technology. Tata Learning can take advantage of this fund but it will also bring new competitors in the Leadership & Managing People industry.

New competition

– After the dotcom bust of 2001, financial crisis of 2008-09, the business formation in US economy had declined. But in 2020 alone, there are more than 1.5 million new business applications in United States. This can lead to greater competition for Tata Learning in the Leadership & Managing People sector and impact the bottomline of the organization.

Easy access to finance

– Easy access to finance in Leadership & Managing People field will also reduce the barriers to entry in the industry, thus putting downward pressure on the prices because of increasing competition. Tata Learning can utilize it by borrowing at lower rates and invest it into research and development, capital expenditure to fortify its core competitive advantage.

High level of anxiety and lack of motivation

– the Great Resignation in United States is the sign of broader dissatisfaction among the workforce in United States. Tata Learning needs to understand the core reasons impacting the Leadership & Managing People industry. This will help it in building a better workplace.

Increasing international competition and downward pressure on margins

– Apart from technology driven competitive advantage dilution, Tata Learning can face downward pressure on margins from increasing competition from international players. The international players have stable revenue in their home market and can use those resources to penetrate prominent markets illustrated in HBR case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors .

Increasing wage structure of Tata Learning

– Post Covid-19 there is a sharp increase in the wages especially in the jobs that require interaction with people. The increasing wages can put downward pressure on the margins of Tata Learning.




Weighted SWOT Analysis of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors Template, Example


Not all factors mentioned under the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants in the SWOT Analysis are equal. Managers in the HBR case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors needs to zero down on the relative importance of each factor mentioned in the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants. We can provide the relative importance to each factor by assigning relative weights. Weighted SWOT analysis process is a three stage process –

First stage for doing weighted SWOT analysis of the case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors is to rank the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. This will help you to assess the most important strengths and weaknesses of the firm and which one of the strengths and weaknesses mentioned in the initial lists are marginal and can be left out.

Second stage for conducting weighted SWOT analysis of the Harvard case study Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors is to give probabilities to the external strategic factors thus better understanding the opportunities and threats arising out of macro environment changes and developments.

Third stage of constructing weighted SWOT analysis of Eyes of Janus: Evaluating Learning and Development at Tata Motors is to provide strategic recommendations includes – joining likelihood of external strategic factors such as opportunities and threats to the internal strategic factors – strengths and weaknesses. You should start with external factors as they will provide the direction of the overall industry. Secondly by joining probabilities with internal strategic factors can help the company not only strategic fit but also the most probably strategic trade-off that Tata Learning needs to make to build a sustainable competitive advantage.



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