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The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

Case Study SWOT Analysis Solution

Case Study Description of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B)


Set in 1870, the B case describes Chief Justice Samuel P. Chase's opinion in Hepburn v. Griswold, which challenged the constitutionality of a national fiat currency. The B case also discusses reactions to the ruling and subsequent court decisions.

Authors :: Robert F. Bruner, Michael T. Caires

Topics :: Finance & Accounting

Tags :: Financial analysis, Financial management, Innovation, SWOT Analysis, SWOT Matrix, TOWS, Weighted SWOT Analysis

Swot Analysis of "The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B)" written by Robert F. Bruner, Michael T. Caires includes – strengths weakness that are internal strategic factors of the organization, and opportunities and threats that Constitutionality Greenbacks facing as an external strategic factors. Some of the topics covered in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) case study are - Strategic Management Strategies, Financial analysis, Financial management, Innovation and Finance & Accounting.


Some of the macro environment factors that can be used to understand the The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) casestudy better are - – increasing government debt because of Covid-19 spendings, central banks are concerned over increasing inflation, challanges to central banks by blockchain based private currencies, digital marketing is dominated by two big players Facebook and Google, increasing transportation and logistics costs, technology disruption, competitive advantages are harder to sustain because of technology dispersion, banking and financial system is disrupted by Bitcoin and other crypto currencies, geopolitical disruptions, etc



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Introduction to SWOT Analysis of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B)


SWOT stands for an organization’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats . At Oak Spring University , we believe that protagonist in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) case study can use SWOT analysis as a strategic management tool to assess the current internal strengths and weaknesses of the Constitutionality Greenbacks, and to figure out the opportunities and threats in the macro environment – technological, environmental, political, economic, social, demographic, etc in which Constitutionality Greenbacks operates in.

According to Harvard Business Review, 75% of the managers use SWOT analysis for various purposes such as – evaluating current scenario, strategic planning, new venture feasibility, personal growth goals, new market entry, Go To market strategies, portfolio management and strategic trade-off assessment, organizational restructuring, etc.




SWOT Objectives / Importance of SWOT Analysis and SWOT Matrix


SWOT analysis of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) can be done for the following purposes –
1. Strategic planning using facts provided in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) case study
2. Improving business portfolio management of Constitutionality Greenbacks
3. Assessing feasibility of the new initiative in Finance & Accounting field.
4. Making a Finance & Accounting topic specific business decision
5. Set goals for the organization
6. Organizational restructuring of Constitutionality Greenbacks




Strengths The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Strengths in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

The strengths of Constitutionality Greenbacks in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) Harvard Business Review case study are -

High brand equity

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has strong brand awareness and brand recognition among both - the exiting customers and potential new customers. Strong brand equity has enabled Constitutionality Greenbacks to keep acquiring new customers and building profitable relationship with both the new and loyal customers.

Successful track record of launching new products

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has launched numerous new products in last few years, keeping in mind evolving customer preferences and competitive pressures. Constitutionality Greenbacks has effective processes in place that helps in exploring new product needs, doing quick pilot testing, and then launching the products quickly using its extensive distribution network.

Innovation driven organization

– Constitutionality Greenbacks is one of the most innovative firm in sector. Manager in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) Harvard Business Review case study can use Clayton Christensen Disruptive Innovation strategies to further increase the scale of innovtions in the organization.

Operational resilience

– The operational resilience strategy in the The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) Harvard Business Review case study comprises – understanding the underlying the factors in the industry, building diversified operations across different geographies so that disruption in one part of the world doesn’t impact the overall performance of the firm, and integrating the various business operations and processes through its digital transformation drive.

High switching costs

– The high switching costs that Constitutionality Greenbacks has built up over years in its products and services combo offer has resulted in high retention of customers, lower marketing costs, and greater ability of the firm to focus on its customers.

Highly skilled collaborators

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has highly efficient outsourcing and offshoring strategy. It has resulted in greater operational flexibility and bringing down the costs in highly price sensitive segment. Secondly the value chain collaborators of the firm in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) HBR case study have helped the firm to develop new products and bring them quickly to the marketplace.

Cross disciplinary teams

– Horizontal connected teams at the Constitutionality Greenbacks are driving operational speed, building greater agility, and keeping the organization nimble to compete with new competitors. It helps are organization to ideate new ideas, and execute them swiftly in the marketplace.

Sustainable margins compare to other players in Finance & Accounting industry

– The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) firm has clearly differentiated products in the market place. This has enabled Constitutionality Greenbacks to fetch slight price premium compare to the competitors in the Finance & Accounting industry. The sustainable margins have also helped Constitutionality Greenbacks to invest into research and development (R&D) and innovation.

Organizational Resilience of Constitutionality Greenbacks

– The covid-19 pandemic has put organizational resilience at the centre of everthing that Constitutionality Greenbacks does. Organizational resilience comprises - Financial Resilience, Operational Resilience, Technological Resilience, Organizational Resilience, Business Model Resilience, and Reputation Resilience.

Strong track record of project management

– Constitutionality Greenbacks is known for sticking to its project targets. This enables the firm to manage – time, project costs, and have sustainable margins on the projects.

Diverse revenue streams

– Constitutionality Greenbacks is present in almost all the verticals within the industry. This has provided firm in The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) case study a diverse revenue stream that has helped it to survive disruptions such as global pandemic in Covid-19, financial disruption of 2008, and supply chain disruption of 2021.

Superior customer experience

– The customer experience strategy of Constitutionality Greenbacks in the segment is based on four key concepts – personalization, simplification of complex needs, prompt response, and continuous engagement.






Weaknesses The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) | Internal Strategic Factors
What are Weaknesses in SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis

The weaknesses of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) are -

Workers concerns about automation

– As automation is fast increasing in the segment, Constitutionality Greenbacks needs to come up with a strategy to reduce the workers concern regarding automation. Without a clear strategy, it could lead to disruption and uncertainty within the organization.

Lack of clear differentiation of Constitutionality Greenbacks products

– To increase the profitability and margins on the products, Constitutionality Greenbacks needs to provide more differentiated products than what it is currently offering in the marketplace.

High dependence on star products

– The top 2 products and services of the firm as mentioned in the The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) HBR case study still accounts for major business revenue. This dependence on star products in has resulted into insufficient focus on developing new products, even though Constitutionality Greenbacks has relatively successful track record of launching new products.

No frontier risks strategy

– After analyzing the HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B), it seems that company is thinking about the frontier risks that can impact Finance & Accounting strategy. But it has very little resources allocation to manage the risks emerging from events such as natural disasters, climate change, melting of permafrost, tacking the rise of artificial intelligence, opportunities and threats emerging from commercialization of space etc.

High cash cycle compare to competitors

Constitutionality Greenbacks has a high cash cycle compare to other players in the industry. It needs to shorten the cash cycle by 12% to be more competitive in the marketplace, reduce inventory costs, and be more profitable.

Slow decision making process

– As mentioned earlier in the report, Constitutionality Greenbacks has a very deliberative decision making approach. This approach has resulted in prudent decisions, but it has also resulted in missing opportunities in the industry over the last five years. Constitutionality Greenbacks even though has strong showing on digital transformation primary two stages, it has struggled to capitalize the power of digital transformation in marketing efforts and new venture efforts.

Employees’ incomplete understanding of strategy

– From the instances in the HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B), it seems that the employees of Constitutionality Greenbacks don’t have comprehensive understanding of the firm’s strategy. This is reflected in number of promotional campaigns over the last few years that had mixed messaging and competing priorities. Some of the strategic activities and services promoted in the promotional campaigns were not consistent with the organization’s strategy.

Need for greater diversity

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has taken concrete steps on diversity, equity, and inclusion. But the efforts so far has resulted in limited success. It needs to expand the recruitment and selection process to hire more people from the minorities and underprivileged background.

Products dominated business model

– Even though Constitutionality Greenbacks has some of the most successful products in the industry, this business model has made each new product launch extremely critical for continuous financial growth of the organization. firm in the HBR case study - The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) should strive to include more intangible value offerings along with its core products and services.

Skills based hiring

– The stress on hiring functional specialists at Constitutionality Greenbacks has created an environment where the organization is dominated by functional specialists rather than management generalist. This has resulted into product oriented approach rather than marketing oriented approach or consumers oriented approach.

High operating costs

– Compare to the competitors, firm in the HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) has high operating costs in the. This can be harder to sustain given the new emerging competition from nimble players who are using technology to attract Constitutionality Greenbacks 's lucrative customers.




Opportunities The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) | External Strategic Factors
What are Opportunities in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis


The opportunities highlighted in the Harvard Business Review case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) are -

Remote work and new talent hiring opportunities

– The widespread usage of remote working technologies during Covid-19 has opened opportunities for Constitutionality Greenbacks to expand its talent hiring zone. According to McKinsey Global Institute, 20% of the high end workforce in fields such as finance, information technology, can continously work from remote local post Covid-19. This presents a really great opportunity for Constitutionality Greenbacks to hire the very best people irrespective of their geographical location.

Better consumer reach

– The expansion of the 5G network will help Constitutionality Greenbacks to increase its market reach. Constitutionality Greenbacks will be able to reach out to new customers. Secondly 5G will also provide technology framework to build new tools and products that can help more immersive consumer experience and faster consumer journey.

Loyalty marketing

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has focused on building a highly responsive customer relationship management platform. This platform is built on in-house data and driven by analytics and artificial intelligence. The customer analytics can help the organization to fine tune its loyalty marketing efforts, increase the wallet share of the organization, reduce wastage on mainstream advertising spending, build better pricing strategies using personalization, etc.

Buying journey improvements

– Constitutionality Greenbacks can improve the customer journey of consumers in the industry by using analytics and artificial intelligence. The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) suggest that firm can provide automated chats to help consumers solve their own problems, provide online suggestions to get maximum out of the products and services, and help consumers to build a community where they can interact with each other to develop new features and uses.

Using analytics as competitive advantage

– Constitutionality Greenbacks has spent a significant amount of money and effort to integrate analytics and machine learning into its operations in the sector. This continuous investment in analytics has enabled, as illustrated in the Harvard case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) - to build a competitive advantage using analytics. The analytics driven competitive advantage can help Constitutionality Greenbacks to build faster Go To Market strategies, better consumer insights, developing relevant product features, and building a highly efficient supply chain.

Building a culture of innovation

– managers at Constitutionality Greenbacks can make experimentation a productive activity and build a culture of innovation using approaches such as – mining transaction data, A/B testing of websites and selling platforms, engaging potential customers over various needs, and building on small ideas in the Finance & Accounting segment.

Changes in consumer behavior post Covid-19

– Consumer behavior has changed in the Finance & Accounting industry because of Covid-19 restrictions. Some of this behavior will stay once things get back to normal. Constitutionality Greenbacks can take advantage of these changes in consumer behavior to build a far more efficient business model. For example consumer regular ordering of products can reduce both last mile delivery costs and market penetration costs. Constitutionality Greenbacks can further use this consumer data to build better customer loyalty, provide better products and service collection, and improve the value proposition in inflationary times.

Increase in government spending

– As the United States and other governments are increasing social spending and infrastructure spending to build economies post Covid-19, Constitutionality Greenbacks can use these opportunities to build new business models that can help the communities that Constitutionality Greenbacks operates in. Secondly it can use opportunities from government spending in Finance & Accounting sector.

Creating value in data economy

– The success of analytics program of Constitutionality Greenbacks has opened avenues for new revenue streams for the organization in the industry. This can help Constitutionality Greenbacks to build a more holistic ecosystem as suggested in the The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) case study. Constitutionality Greenbacks can build new products and services such as - data insight services, data privacy related products, data based consulting services, etc.

Identify volunteer opportunities

– Covid-19 has impacted working population in two ways – it has led to people soul searching about their professional choices, resulting in mass resignation. Secondly it has encouraged people to do things that they are passionate about. This has opened opportunities for businesses to build volunteer oriented socially driven projects. Constitutionality Greenbacks can explore opportunities that can attract volunteers and are consistent with its mission and vision.

Lowering marketing communication costs

– 5G expansion will open new opportunities for Constitutionality Greenbacks in the field of marketing communication. It will bring down the cost of doing business, provide technology platform to build new products in the Finance & Accounting segment, and it will provide faster access to the consumers.

Developing new processes and practices

– Constitutionality Greenbacks can develop new processes and procedures in Finance & Accounting industry using technology such as automation using artificial intelligence, real time transportation and products tracking, 3D modeling for concept development and new products pilot testing etc.

Finding new ways to collaborate

– Covid-19 has not only transformed business models of companies in Finance & Accounting industry, but it has also influenced the consumer preferences. Constitutionality Greenbacks can tie-up with other value chain partners to explore new opportunities regarding meeting customer demands and building a rewarding and engaging relationship.




Threats The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) External Strategic Factors
What are Threats in the SWOT Analysis / TOWS Matrix / Weighted SWOT Analysis


The threats mentioned in the HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) are -

Aging population

– As the populations of most advanced economies are aging, it will lead to high social security costs, higher savings among population, and lower demand for goods and services in the economy. The household savings in US, France, UK, Germany, and Japan are growing faster than predicted because of uncertainty caused by pandemic.

Consumer confidence and its impact on Constitutionality Greenbacks demand

– There is a high probability of declining consumer confidence, given – high inflammation rate, rise of gig economy, lower job stability, increasing cost of living, higher interest rates, and aging demography. All the factors contribute to people saving higher rate of their income, resulting in lower consumer demand in the industry and other sectors.

Learning curve for new practices

– As the technology based on artificial intelligence and machine learning platform is getting complex, as highlighted in case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B), Constitutionality Greenbacks may face longer learning curve for training and development of existing employees. This can open space for more nimble competitors in the field of Finance & Accounting .

Instability in the European markets

– European Union markets are facing three big challenges post Covid – expanded balance sheets, Brexit related business disruption, and aggressive Russia looking to distract the existing security mechanism. Constitutionality Greenbacks will face different problems in different parts of Europe. For example it will face inflationary pressures in UK, France, and Germany, balance sheet expansion and demand challenges in Southern European countries, and geopolitical instability in the Eastern Europe.

High dependence on third party suppliers

– Constitutionality Greenbacks high dependence on third party suppliers can disrupt its processes and delivery mechanism. For example -the current troubles of car makers because of chip shortage is because the chip companies started producing chips for electronic companies rather than car manufacturers.

New competition

– After the dotcom bust of 2001, financial crisis of 2008-09, the business formation in US economy had declined. But in 2020 alone, there are more than 1.5 million new business applications in United States. This can lead to greater competition for Constitutionality Greenbacks in the Finance & Accounting sector and impact the bottomline of the organization.

Increasing international competition and downward pressure on margins

– Apart from technology driven competitive advantage dilution, Constitutionality Greenbacks can face downward pressure on margins from increasing competition from international players. The international players have stable revenue in their home market and can use those resources to penetrate prominent markets illustrated in HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) .

Shortening product life cycle

– it is one of the major threat that Constitutionality Greenbacks is facing in Finance & Accounting sector. It can lead to higher research and development costs, higher marketing expenses, lower customer loyalty, etc.

Stagnating economy with rate increase

– Constitutionality Greenbacks can face lack of demand in the market place because of Fed actions to reduce inflation. This can lead to sluggish growth in the economy, lower demands, lower investments, higher borrowing costs, and consolidation in the field.

High level of anxiety and lack of motivation

– the Great Resignation in United States is the sign of broader dissatisfaction among the workforce in United States. Constitutionality Greenbacks needs to understand the core reasons impacting the Finance & Accounting industry. This will help it in building a better workplace.

Technology disruption because of hacks, piracy etc

– The colonial pipeline illustrated, how vulnerable modern organization are to international hackers, miscreants, and disruptors. The cyber security interruption, data leaks, etc can seriously jeopardize the future growth of the organization.

Environmental challenges

– Constitutionality Greenbacks needs to have a robust strategy against the disruptions arising from climate change and energy requirements. EU has identified it as key priority area and spending 30% of its 880 billion Euros European post Covid-19 recovery funds on green technology. Constitutionality Greenbacks can take advantage of this fund but it will also bring new competitors in the Finance & Accounting industry.

Trade war between China and United States

– The trade war between two of the biggest economies can hugely impact the opportunities for Constitutionality Greenbacks in the Finance & Accounting industry. The Finance & Accounting industry is already at various protected from local competition in China, with the rise of trade war the protection levels may go up. This presents a clear threat of current business model in Chinese market.




Weighted SWOT Analysis of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) Template, Example


Not all factors mentioned under the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants in the SWOT Analysis are equal. Managers in the HBR case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) needs to zero down on the relative importance of each factor mentioned in the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats quadrants. We can provide the relative importance to each factor by assigning relative weights. Weighted SWOT analysis process is a three stage process –

First stage for doing weighted SWOT analysis of the case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) is to rank the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. This will help you to assess the most important strengths and weaknesses of the firm and which one of the strengths and weaknesses mentioned in the initial lists are marginal and can be left out.

Second stage for conducting weighted SWOT analysis of the Harvard case study The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) is to give probabilities to the external strategic factors thus better understanding the opportunities and threats arising out of macro environment changes and developments.

Third stage of constructing weighted SWOT analysis of The Panic of 1861 and the Advent of Greenbacks and National Banking (B) is to provide strategic recommendations includes – joining likelihood of external strategic factors such as opportunities and threats to the internal strategic factors – strengths and weaknesses. You should start with external factors as they will provide the direction of the overall industry. Secondly by joining probabilities with internal strategic factors can help the company not only strategic fit but also the most probably strategic trade-off that Constitutionality Greenbacks needs to make to build a sustainable competitive advantage.



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